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TAPS-1 screens for tobacco, alcohol, illicit drugs, and non-medical use of prescription drugs. A positive TAPS-1 screening should be followed by the administration of TAPS-2, a substance-specific assessment.
Yes, the TAPS-1 and TAPS-2 have been administered to people with HIV and validated within this population.
Yes, the TAPS-1 and TAPS-2 tools have been evaluated for sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity is found to range between 62% to 93% and specificity between 79% and 93% depending on substance.